WC(shep) timeline 1960

1960s,

9th december 1960-- Coronation street launch. now the longest running soap drama.
25th december 1960-- queen pre-records her first christmas message, it used to be live.
12th april 1961-- first man to go into space Yuri Gagarin
29th april 1961-- ITV goes southwest and scotland
1st october 1961-- songs of praise first broadcast(religious views)
5th Augsut 1962-- marilyn monroe found dead
24th september 1962-- university challenge(educational programme)
22nd november 1963-- JFK assasinated
20th April 1964-- launch of BBC 2, distrupted by power failure.
12th June 1964-- nelson mandela caught
22nd august 1964-- match of the day launch
24th january 1965-- winston churchill funeral broadcasted on BBC and ITV
OCTOBER 1965-- thunderbirds are go! and the magic roundabout.
21 april 1966-- houses of parliament first broadcast.
30th July 1966-- engalnd v germany england wins 4-2 at Wembley
3rd July 1967-- news at ten 1/2 hour on ITV with 2 news readers like how htey do in the U.S.A
3rd december 1967-- first heart transplant successful!
3rd may 1968-- french students protest against closure of the citys university, thousands arrested.
20th july 1969-- neil armstrong first man to walk on the moon, broadcasted across the USA.

BBC REPORT AND SUN WEBSITE ESSAY

"Using the comparison of these two texts as your starting point, explore the media issues and debates which they raise."
BBC homepage
form & function-->
website aim to attract audiences from just print paper, allowing a diverse range of consumers.
similarities & differences key concepts (MIGRAIN)-->
MEDIA LANGUAGE
colours--> used red and white making a big statement,
typography-->sans serif(without flicks) allows a bold typeface, stands out and is bulky, almost representing the audience, also in itlaics, white background predominantly red/black font.
images-->medium sized, does not take up all page, but consist of celebrities not much political agenda. sports/showbiz
INSTITUTION
THE SUN News Group Newspapers Limited
also own the times, sunday times, news of the world, the london paper, page3.com, the times litery supplement

GENRE
Newspaper, informational, gossip, sports related, and political, keep consumers informed about things happening in the world.

REPRESENTATION
women--> negative, portrays women as sex objects.top story consists of madonna dressed provocatively
seperate section for females , titled WOMAN to address the female audience.

AUDIENCE
"the white van man"-->typical class c2, d, e males, who are interested in sports such as football, but not too much into politics. specifically for this website, focuses on teenagers, has a special section of agony aunt for teens low disposable income

NARRATIVE
N/A

theory issues & debates
Representation of women
wider contexts (SHEP)

BBC news report-->1989
amateur video voice over or white british female, formal language
story is international affects the world, has political agenda behind it, massacre started because of government issues. almost a story being told.

ESSAY

The Sun’s website and the BBC report from 1989, both focus on news for the consumers, but their audiences are very different. Both texts aim to inform the general public and new information, but they both exist in different decades.

The BBC news report was shown on Television in 1989, whereas the compared text is The Sun's website homepage from 2008. These two texts both revolve around the news but are portrayed through different types of media.

Firstly the colour difference between the two media is quite big. The fact that in 1989, technology was not in its advance stages therefore the quality of the news report is quite bland. It consists of darker dull colours, which isn’t intriguing for the audience. However the report was recorded in the dark in the night, whilst the bombings took place. It portrayed a realistic image of what was happening. The story focused on an international issue that would affect a lot of people around the world, therefore the story was also able to appeal to a much larger audience, than usual. People who may be culturally or relatively affected by the story would also take interest in listening to it.

In terms of institutions, BBC itself focuses on hard news which affects people nationally and internationally. It revolves around political issues because this is what their niche audience requires. BBC’s audience consists of intellectual males and females situated in socio economic group C and above. Whereas The Sun’s general audience consists of individuals from class C2 and lower, specifically men. This is because The Sun aims to attract “the white van man” this phrase is used to describe the unskilled individual men who enjoy the objectification of women (especially with the page 3 feature) and do not feel politics is of much importance. Therefore The Sun focuses on soft news, about celebrities, and smaller humorous issues. For the website, specifically it targets a younger age range, as it also has a special feature for teenagers and “agony aunt” columns just for teenagers. It also has a big feature at the top which consisted of Madonna. It seems as though Madonna is the biggest story to be told, whereas BBC would beg to differ.

However both texts aim to fulfill the audiences’ needs by letting them know what’s happening around the world. Although they do this, they focus on totally different issues. The fact that these two texts are from two different decades allows a lot of differences to occur.

The news report was covered by a white British female. This shows that other ethnic minorities were underrepresented, whereas The Sun is now able to provide some sort of justice. There are now news reporters with different ethnic background. This shows that the differences between the years these two texts were broadcasted / published, is able to represent the community of Britain at that time. The BBC was able to portray other ethnicities as “villains” as stated by Propp’s narrative characters. The news report showed the public of China but they were seen almost as terrorists, and the news report was able to create a sense of moral panic within the British audience. To see this massacre start because of government issues, the British public could have felt a sense of fear, especially towards people of other ethnicities.

The Sun’s website is covered with pictures of celebrities as if they were the most important thing happening on the planet right now. The website can be viewed from all around the world, which means that the sun’s readership has enlarged; therefore they may look into stories which can be recognized by everyone. Celebrities are known all around the world, so they can be a starting point, but the whole page is surrounded by celeb gossip. Other political issues are not raised on the home page.

Apart from this, the sun has also differentiated between its audiences. They have separated males from females, as they have a complete separate section for females. This shows that the homepage it self and probably the rest of the website targets young males, due to the use of technology etc, but there is one section targeted at females. The sun’s mass audience therefore consists of men.

Furthermore, the use of colours by the Sun’s homepage are the same as their newspaper, this is probably kept the same so that it is easily recognizable and is established by the audience. Once they see the homepage they should know what is expected of it as they should be able to understand that the website will cover the stories that the actual paper covers. Therefore it is easier for the sun to be able to target their primary audience range.

In terms of news values, Galtung and Ruge have stated 12 points of which newspapers and news programme situate their stories around. The sun conforms to most of these values, such as unexpectedness, continuity and other more general broad values such as frequency, unambiguity etc. for the sun, news is something either related to sport, objectification of women, celebrity gossip, or something completely unexpected, whereas the BBC takes the news very seriously and focuses on hard news, and serious issues which affect the world. To a certain extent, The Sun may be “dumbing down” its audience to allow them not to think, and take the news as a form of entertainment.

Overall, both texts raise different issues and debates in two different time spans, the BBC report raises cultural differences in the British community, and the Sun’s website is able to raise issues about the objectification of women, and what the news should really stand for. Both texts are arguable of being biased to a certain extent, and this would be because of the gatekeepers of these texts.

WORD COUNT: 967

WC(shep) timeline 1950

1950s,

Color television introduced in the U.S.

1959

Rumors of cheating on quiz shows erupt into a national scandal

11th july 1950

Andy Pandy--> ran from 1950 til 1969 and then returned back in the 70's and 2000.
25th june 1951
First colour programme--> although no colour TV's were sold.
4th January 1951
TV cameras allowed in 10 Downing Street-->to encourage political views
15th February 1952
Funeral of King George broadcasted on TV shared with mass audience
13th June 1952
programme for children with impaired hearing--> introducing new technology
18th december 1952
Bill and Ben-->introduced by creators of Andy pandy to educate kids on english, complaints received from parents about education.
2nd June 1953
Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II-->broadcasted on TV, raises social Issues, female ruling the country. also raises political issues, as the ruling of the country by a female would have raised alot of concerns.
2nd April 1954
the Grove family-->first Soap opera, tried to convey a social representation of the country at that time.1/4 of the U.K's population tuned into this programme.
5th july 1954
first newsreel-->first daily news programme, keep audiences informed about social, political and economical issues that may affect them.
12th december 1954
Nigel Kneale's 1984 adaptation, killed a woman, creating a contraversial programme howevr the ratings increased for the 2nd viewing.
17th February 1955
Kitchen magic--> female cook conforming to typical housewife roles, and then working with her husband on ITV re-inforcing the housewife role working in the kitchen for her husband
25th June 1955
Dixon of dock green-->male orientated occupation of police man, contains fatherly role for the community
22nd September 1955
ITV becomes and independent tv show
27th April 1956
First Ministerial broadcast, speech about thea ctions against the soviet union, political agenda!
9th January 1957
Anthony Eden resigns as prime minister after the suez crisis, focuses of political changes withint he country.
2nd April 1958
People in trouble- programme which focused on social issues within real people's lives, mixed marriages, unmarried mothers, and spinster hood, focused on downfalls of females being singles.
representation of women
14th June 1958
black and white minstrel show--> will now be seen as a racial statement. however was extremely peopluar at that time.

er and radio times essay

Using a comparison of the two texts as a starting point consider the issues and debates that they raise

You should consider:

© Key concepts

© Media theory

© Wider concepts

Two texts to analyse: Cover of Radio times from 3-9 April 1976 and the title sequence of ER’s 13 series

The cover of the radio times is from 1976, almost 32 years older than the more modern contemporary comparison text of ER’s title sequence from the 13^th series. The aim of both texts however even though one is print and one is moving image is to summarise the actual text and attract a particular audience to view the text itself.

The Radio times cover was originally in black and white, this is because of the time this issue was printed, which is the 70’s and colour print wasn’t yet established. The ER title sequence however is much more modern, and is a moving text therefore changes the messages sent across to viewers dramatically. The title sequence is able to engage the audience with its fast paced editing and music. These elements of media language have a very large impact on its viewers.

Both texts focus on hospital dramas, from different centuries. From this representation differences within the years the audience is able to relate to the programmes. For the radio times there are just 5 female nurses, all white. This would help the audience in the 70’s relate to these characters. The women were seen in maternal orientated roles, which were familiarised with because women in those days were just starting the revolution of feminism. They were happy to see women in other roles apart from housewives in any programme, but what they did not realise was the lack of females shown. For example in angels all these women are nurses, none are seen as doctors which keeps them very low in the hierarchy of hospital jobs. Nurses are usually midwives, or give patients bed baths etc, again giving them a maternal role. ER is able to subvert this idea, and not only do they show woman superior to men but also portray different ethnicities. The audience sees Black and Asian people working alongside white people. These individuals are not just placed in an act of tokenism, because the female Asian is a surgeon, whose life is immensely focused upon.

The radio times cover shows the females happy with their jobs, all 5 women are smiling and looking at an x-ray, this was a misrepresentation because women were seen to be consistently happy. ER’s title sequence alone is able to portray all kinds of emotion, panic, anger, sadness, ecstatic etc. This is a much more realistic view of normal people’s lives, allowing more people to relate to the characters.

The ER is broadcasted on NBC in the U.S and on channel 4 in the U.K whereas “angels” was broadcasted on BBC, who also owned the radio times. The radio times was the only TV listings magazine in that time whereas now the audience has many TV listing guides. At that time the Radio times had become a monopoly because it was the only of what was to come on TV for the next week, whereas now we have the internet and other magazines, this shows how much technology has developed allowing competitors to rise for BBC, and because the BBC owned the Radio times they were able to heavily advertise their programmes more than other channels.

Both texts show women but none are objectified, women’s are respectfully portrayed in order to avoid any disagreements. In the 70’s the feminist movement had just risen therefore producers and directors were very wary of how women were portrayed. The costumes provided for the “angels” were all white not only connoting them as real angels but also “Madonna’s” as described by Laura Mulvey there are only two stereotypes that female characters conform to, and they are either a Madonna, who is pure in every form or a whore who is sexually objectified for the male gaze. These women were not objectified but were placed on the cover for other real women to relate to them. However a sexually objectified form of women has always created a stereotype of nurses. Nurses for men don’t usually mean a person looking after an ill individual, but more of treating them in other ways. Therefore these nurses were seen through a fetishistic gaze, by males.

In terms of props, iconic elements within both texts are x rays. The nurses are holding an x ray, something which is directly linked to hospitals and it is also used within the title sequences throughout in the background. This therefore shows that audiences are able to pick up on these iconic elements to identify the hospital drama genre.

Overall both texts, however large the time space between them have elements which allow the audiences to identify the genre, but have dramatically changed in terms of representation because of the feminist movement which allows females to grasp the essence of equality within the media.

EsSaY

The two trailers to be analysed are “scream” (1996) and “The Ring” (2002). Both of these films conform to horror conventions but one is more of a slasher film and “The Ring” is more of a psychological panic.
Both trailers aim to persuade audiences to go watch the film. They usually do this by leaving the audience wanting more.

“The Ring” (2002) is a remake of the Japanese film ringu (1998), which worked extremely well. The narrative was unique and interesting, therefore Hollywood producers decided on a remake, using American actors and a better known language, English. This was a great decision as it worked so well with audiences. There was a follow up called “The Ring” 2. The original ringu won 6 awards, and “The Ring” itself won 7 awards. “Scream” is a well established film because it had its follow ups “scream” 2 and 3. Films such as “The Ring” and “scream” give audience a sense of satisfaction and many types of pleasures of which they may not receive from other genre films. Horror films allow a sense of emotional pleasure, because they encourage the audience to feel like the characters, so sense of fear arises within the viewers. Visceral pleasure is also gained form this as the audience may sometimes feel as if they are on a “rollercoaster ride”. They are able to feel the emotions of the protagonist so when they are secure the audience feels happy but as they are chased and killed, the audience feels the quick pacing heartbeat and the fear of the characters.

The first shot in the “scream” trailer is of the phone. This is a crucial prop within these films as they usually give a sense of someone there but allows no visual appearance of this character keeping them a mystery for the audiences to solve. The camera itself is ignored by the female within the shot therefore giving a feel of voyeurism by the audience, they are watching here in her home when they shouldn’t be, alongside the stalker, who is calling her. This allows interaction with the audience persuading them more to like the film and the narrative. “The Ring” first scene however is of the inside of a VCR. This allows the audience to understand that the focal point of the film is the film they watch within it. We then move on to watching the film, with the characters in the film. Although this may sound confusing this again allows interaction with the audience as they feel part of the main characters lives.

“The Ring” trailer starts off with a voice over of a female describing the video they watch that kills people. The music kicks in when she talks about the phone call which says “you will die in 7 days”. The music is from piano, but has low notes and high notes together creating confusion and anticipation within the audience. When the main protagonist (who is a female) decides she wants to try and avoid her death, the music gets stronger yet more discordant as it changes to stringed instruments. The music builds up and a choir joins in making the last few scenes more dramatic than they seem. The music has a great impact on its audiences because it draws them into the film. The music then fades out with a “scream” at the end of the trailer. “Scream” trailer has no music for the first 30 seconds. This is so the audience pays close attention to the conversation between the character and the stalker. The dramatic sound from the window breaking alerts the audience of the narrative behind the film.

Both films focus on people watching things they shouldn’t. In “The Ring” it’s the death video and in “Scream” its scary movies. The stalker in “scream” has become this way because of his love of scary movies and tries to re-act them in reality. This shows the characters going against the 3 vital rules of the 2 wise monkeys. “See no evil, hear no evil and speak no evil.” Most horror films do follow the act of a sin, whether this may be pre-marital sex, alcohol and drugs or anything which may not be right. Horror movies show audiences they must never do anything against what they were taught since childhood. This could be talking to strangers or going out in the dark etc. However films like these may also create a sense of an un-existing moral panic. The trailer for “scream” includes titles which say “do not pick up the phone” and “do not open the door”. This creates fear in the littlest most basic things in life, but because of these trailers and because of the impact of this, the audience wants more and go to watch the film.

The trailers both work well in attracting its audiences because it involves them within the plot and makes them feel part of the film.

coverwork essay

THE RING
a. Form/Function-->trailer...to persuade audiences to go and watch the films
b. M-I-G-R-A-I-N-->black and white, fuzzy images to allow fear and authenticity...close ups of reactions, close up of pupils dilated, showing fear. music builds up anticipation.dreamworks.horrow/thriller.woman strong and independant, but rattled by the mystery, has a man in the story in order to complete the female almost allow hope for a relationship. child, boy...makes him vulnerable but more stronger than a small girl.samara...female...showing females and cruel individuals.
c. Other related texts
d. WC (SHEP)---social, historical, economical, political...social rep of female stronger independent
e. Issues & Debates
f. Relevant Theories

SCREAM

a. Form/Function-->trailer...to persuade audiences to go and watch the films
b. M-I-G-R-A-I-N-->phone ringing sound is shocking almost, hear the man on the phone, seems normal at first bright lighting in the comfort of her home, Dimensionfilms.music builds up to anticipation/climax, girls getting chased around by a killer. almost slasher. teenagers, sinful.
c. Other related texts
d. WC (SHEP)social...teenage wasted , alcohol and sex driven
e. Issues & Debates
f. Relevant Theories

scream

The ring

Genre:horror/thriller

similarities: calling on the phone.

unknown "stalker"

slow editing at first, longer the trailer runs the quicker the editing gets

med guardian

Monkey gets big-screen tea break

Monkey, the star of the fondly-remembered ITV Digital ad campaigns and the current face of PG Tips, is to appear in a Michael Palin-esque cinema extravaganza this Easter.

In a film called "A Tale of Two Continents", Monkey gets to have his first big-screen kiss as he embarks on a light-hearted romp through the history of tea.

"What the world needed was a hero," opens the voiceover for the trailer for the five-minute cinema advert by advertising agency Mother. "What the world got was a monkey".

The film, which features Monkey playing roles including tea-drinking Chinese Emperor Shennong, a jungle explorer and captain of a tea clipper, will run in cinemas from March 21 to April 10.

A trailer for the short film has been released to MediaGuardian.co.uk.

"Inspiration for the style of the film came from the old public information films that used to run where a central character is used to portray a message in an engaging way," said Nicola Waymark, the senior brand manager at PG Tips.

PG Tips has negotiated to take a five-minute slot of advertising space to run the mini-adventure before family films including the Spiderwick Chronicles, Horton Hears a Who, Gameplan and Hannah Montana.

The short film forms part of a wider PG Tips campaign to raise awareness of its tie-up with the sustainability organisation Rainforest Alliance to source its tea.

In the film, which credits Monkey as both writer and director, "Britain's favourite knitted chimp" says his intention is to "change the world one cup at a time".

The tie-up with Rainforest Alliance will eventually see all of PG Tips tea sourced from certified growers by 2010. It will be promoted by a more traditional TV and press campaign starting on Wednesday.

"While we are running a standard campaign we also wanted to find a different way to entertain and engage," Waymark said. "The cinema is a great environment with a captive audience that will respond to you as long as you get it right and Monkey has great appeal."

Monkey made a return to TV after almost six years last January when he was reunited with Johnny Vegas to star in PG Tips advertising. The duo rose to fame as the faces of the ill-fated ITV Digital service that closed in 2002.